《伤寒论》和《温病条辨》中汤剂煎煮终点的判断

煎煮时间对于保证中药汤剂临床疗效和中成药质量起着至关重要的作用，从古至今，中药汤剂煎煮终点的判断一直是困扰人们的技术难题。对中医药典籍《伤寒论》和《温病条辨》中汤剂的煎煮时间及其煎煮终点的判断经验进行了整理，发现其具有一定的规律，认为影响煎煮时间的因素主要有病证、方剂功效、药物药性、药材性状等；通过对其总结，并结合现代研究成果初步阐明传统中药汤剂煎煮终点的判断方法，以期能为中药汤剂煎煮时间及现代中药制剂的提取工艺寻求合理的科学依据，为保证中药汤剂临床疗效和中药制剂的质量提供理论基础。     

“317护”宣教平台联合肠道准备评估单在结肠镜检查前的应用

目的评价“317护”宣教平台联合肠道准备评估单在肠镜检查前的应用效果。方法选取2020年10月-2021年1月我科行结肠镜检查的住院患者120例为研究对象。根据住院时间分为观察组和对照组,各60例。观察组实施“317护”宣教平台联合肠道准备评估单进行肠道准备,对照组使用肠道准备评估单进行肠道准备。比较两组肠道清洁度、肠道清洁剂服用方法正确率、肠道准备满意度。结果观察组肠道清洁度评分、肠道清洁剂服用方法正确率及肠道准备满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论应用“317护”宣教平台联合肠道准备评估单在肠镜检查前进行健康宣教后,提高了患者肠道清洁度、肠道清洁剂服用方法正确率及肠道准备满意度。     

Effect of transdermal estrogen dose regimen for endometrial preparation of frozen-thawed embryo transfer on reproductive and obstetric outcomes

PurposePrevious studies have reported different methods of estrogen administration during endometrial preparation for frozen‐thawed embryo transfer (FET). This study aimed to investigate a beneficial regimen of transdermal estrogen administration for FET.MethodsWe investigated the reproductive and obstetric outcomes of FET by comparing the increasing dose (ID) group that mimics changes in serum estradiol during the menstrual cycle and the constant dose (CD) group. Transdermal patches were used for estrogen administration in both groups. In our hospital, we targeted 315 cycles of the ID group in which FET was performed in 2017 and 324 cycles of the CD group in which FET was performed in 2018. In all cases, single embryo transfer was performed.ResultsAll were singleton pregnancies. There was no difference in clinical pregnancy rate (28.9% vs 28.2%, P =.837) and live birth rate (17.3% vs 21.4%, P =.201) between the ID and CD groups. Spontaneous abortion rate was significantly lower in the CD group than in the ID group (37.2% vs 23.0%, P =.041). There was no difference in obstetrical outcomes.ConclusionsIt was considered that the simple CD regimen may be more beneficial than the complicated ID regimen.     

回肠膀胱术前机械性肠道准备的研究进展

<正>针对目前关于外科手术中肠道准备的争议,探讨回肠膀胱术是否有必要进行机械性肠道准备。笔者采用文献回顾法,检索以回肠膀胱术是否应机械性肠道准备为主题的文章并对其进行综述。1相关概念1.1回肠膀胱术膀胱癌是我国泌尿系统临床常见肿瘤之一,世界范围内,膀胱癌发病率居恶性肿瘤第11位,在我国男性当中,膀胱癌居全身恶性肿瘤第7位,女性为第10位[1]。浸润性膀胱癌及复发性膀胱癌患者往往需行全膀胱切除术。回肠代膀胱术     

肠道支架在结肠癌性梗阻术前肠道准备中的应用及护理

结肠癌伴肠梗阻患者常因术前肠道准备无法达到理想状态而导致术后切口感染、腹腔感染、肠瘘等并发症［1］。随着微创技术的发展，手术前经内镜置入肠道支架，不仅能解除癌性狭窄，而且可提高术前肠道准备质量［2］。     

2种肠道准备制剂在结肠镜检查中的应用及护理

目的:比较口服健胃清肠合剂和大承气汤在结肠镜检查中的清洁效果及耐受程度。方法:将180例患者随机分为观察组、对照组各90例,观察组口服健胃清肠合剂,对照组口服大承气汤。观察肠道清洁程度及耐受程度。结果:肠道清洁率观察组为95.6%,对照组为93.3%,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组的耐受程度优于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:健胃清肠合剂在结肠镜检查中清洁度、耐受程度高。     

桩腔预备后剩余充填材料封闭根管能力的实验研究

目的:采用葡萄糖微渗漏模型检测桩腔预备后剩余充填材料封闭根尖的能力。方法:选取70颗单根管上颌前牙,随机分为4个实验组和2个对照组。采用逐步后退技术预备根管,AHp lus糊剂和牙胶尖侧向加压充填根管,然后G钻进行桩腔预备。实验组根管内剩余充填物长度分别为3、5、7、10 mm。用葡萄糖微渗漏模型检测第1、2、3和4周根管冠根向渗漏出的葡萄糖量。结果:实验第1周各组的葡萄糖微渗漏值无显著性差异(P>0.05),第2周起,第1组的微渗漏值高于第3、4组(P<0.05),而第1、2组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:在保证桩核固位的前提下,应尽量多的保留根管内剩余充填物的长度。     

根管预备并发症及充填质量的临床评价

目的：对根管预备并发症及充填质量进行临床评价。方法：从Digora图像系统中抽取我科2002—04—05所完成的根管治疗病例805例，分别对前牙、前磨牙和磨牙根管预备并发症的发生和充填质量进行分析。结果：形成台阶和侧穿的比例在前磨牙分别为4％，而在磨牙中则分别为33％和5％。前牙、前磨牙和磨牙适充的比例分别为74％、69％和50％。结论：磨牙根管预备和充填的质量仍有待进一步提高。     

Determination of root canal curvatures before and after canal preparation (part II): A method based on numeric calculus

The aim of this paper is to present a new method based on numeric calculus to provide data on any type of root canal curvature at any point of the long axis of the canal. Twenty severely curved, simulated root canals were prepared with rotary FlexMaster and Profile instruments in the crown-down technique and manually in the step-back technique. The inner and outer curvatures were registered in a system of coordinates before and after preparation in increments of 0.5 mm. Using an equalising function, the curvatures were first represented in graphic and algebraic form. The maximum and the mean curvature as well as the length of the arc from the apical foramen to the point of maximum curvature were determined mathematically. An increase in maximum curvature was registered for all four shaping systems investigated. The radius of the inner curvature decreased by 0.5-1.2 mm in the manual systems as a result of the preparation. The Profile system displayed the smallest changes in radius (-0.9 mm) even with the outer curvature, and manual preparation with stainless steel files the most pronounced change (-1.8 mm). The point of maximum curvature at the inner curvature was displaced by 1.6 mm to the apical foramen through manual preparation with Ni-Ti files. At the outer curvature, the maximum displacement (1.8 mm) recorded was also the result of preparation with Ni-Ti hand files, while a displacement of only 0.3 mm to the apical foramen was recorded with the other systems. The method offers a means of determining curvatures precisely without random specification of reference points. The method is also capable of registering only minor changes in curvature in the two-dimensional long axis of the canal.